Differences

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--- penjara_pudu_pembinaan [2023/01/06 10:38] – [Cebisan Perihal Penyelenggaraan] sazli
+++ penjara_pudu_pembinaan [2023/06/17 09:52] (kini) – [1891-1895: Pembinaan] sazli
@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 Pintu utamanya pula direkabentuk gaya Moorish, dan dilengkapi dua menara berkubah. Sebagai peninggalan zaman Victoria, rekabentuknya dipengaruhi struktur penjara kolonial British pada zaman itu, yang menitikberatkan keselamatan serta pengoperasian secara manual, selain terlindung dan terhindar daripada pandangan orang awam. Ciri binaannya disesuaikan untuk keadaan iklim serta budaya setempat: //"A relic of the Victorian period, Pudu Jail’s architecture is strongly influenced by British colonial prison structure and design which emphasizes security and manual operation. The butterfly form of the Cell Block is the key architectural asset, hidden from the view of polite society for a century. The building’s bare design and minimal details strengthens its architectural impact as a prison. Its grim character adds an awkward charm to the place. Spooner has produced a prison design that was suitable to the local climate and culture. These are apparent in the use of courtyards, jack-roofs, large overhangs and the Moorish front gate."//
-(Sumber: Mariana Isa @ University of Bath, 2006: {{ ::makalah:dokumen.tips_pudu-jail-conservation-statement.pdf ||}}[[https://www.scribd.com/doc/19287424/Pudu-Jail-Conservation-Statement|"Pudu Jail Conservation Statement"]], m.s. 9-10, 16-17).
+(Sumber: Mariana Isa @ University of Bath, 2006: {{ :makalah:pudujailconservationstatement.pdf ||}}[[https://arteri.search-art.asia/2009/11/17/pudu-jail-conservation-statement/|"Pudu Jail Conservation Statement"]], m.s. 9-10, 16-17).
 Bentuk "X" atau "cruciform" pada blok utamanya adalah mirip Penjara Kandy di Bogambia, Afrika: //"The prison was built at the then princely sum of $138,000. Its first governor was Lt-Kol J.A.B. Ellen. Also known as Pudoh Gaol, most of its building materials were imported from India and Britain. Its design of an X (cruciform) was copied from the Kandy Prison in Bogambia, Africa. It originally had 240 cells on three floors, but more cells were added over the years. Its mass kitchen, bathrooms, administrative office, hospital and training centre are located outside the main X-building structure."// (The Star, 17 Jun 2008: {{ :akhbar:pudu_prison_a_prominent_landmark_in_the_city_the_star.pdf ||}}[[https://www.thestar.com.my/news/community/2008/06/17/pudu-prison-a-prominent-landmark-in-the-city/|"Pudu Prison a prominent landmark in the city"]]).
-===== Liputan Akhbar Ketika Pembinaan =====
-  * Antara liputan akhbar ketika pembinaannya: //"The building of a New Gaol was commenced in the month of January on a site well adapted for the purpose, situated on the Pudoh Road, about one mile from Kuala Lumpur. It is expected that this establishment will, when completed, afford accomodation for all the prisoners in the State. Temporary wards are being built for the prisoners in order that they may be removed at once and employed clearing the ground for permanent buildings."// (Straits Times Weekly Issue, 5 October 1892, Page 7: {{ :akhbar:stweekly18921005-1-2-48.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/stweekly18921005-1.2.48|"The Selangor Prison"]]).
-  * Ianya mula dihuni seawal tahun 1894, ketika masih dalam pembinaan lagi: //"From the Factory, the party drove to the Pauper Hospital and went through all, including the Lunatic and Leper wards, then to the Race Course and round to the New Gaol at Pudoh, which is occupied but it is not yet finished."// (Pinang gazette and Straits chronicle, 30 April 1894, Page 3: {{ :akhbar:pinangazette18940430-1-2-18.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/pinangazette18940430-1.2.18|"THE GOVERNOR IN SELANGOR"]]).
-  * Blok utama serta salah satu blok lain telah siap dan diduduki sepanjang tahun 1895. Saiz balkoninya dikecilkan bagi meluaskan ruang, di atas cadangan Gabenor: //"The report on Selangor Public Works Department for 1895 shows that, out of $1,135,015 voted for the department that year, $970,000 were spent. Over $300,000 had been laid out on the jail under construction at Pudoh, of which the centre block was completed and occupied during the year. One wing was also completed. The balconies in this wing are 2 ft 9 in. in width, as suggested by the Governor, instead of 4 ft., which leaves a greater space in the corridor, and improves the general interior appearance."// (Straits Budget, 30 June 1896, Page 3: {{ :akhbar:straitsbudget18960630-1-2-35.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitsbudget18960630-1.2.35|"SELANGOR PUBLIC WORKS"]]).
 ===== Sumber Lain Berkaitan Pembinaan =====
@@ Line 40: / Line 33: @@
 //"Mulai bulan Januari tahun 1891, kerja-kerja pembersihan tapak dijalankan. Kawasan lembah di belakang tapak penjara itu diterangkan tetapi dibiarkan sebagai tanah lapang untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai kebun sayuran untuk kegunaan penjara baharu ini nanti. Wad tahanan sementara bagi banduan-banduan yang bekerja di tapak tersebut  mula didirikan. Pada tahun 1892, Encik Nicholas, seorang Crown Agent,  telah dilantik sebagai kerani kerja, Beliau diberi kontrak $ 28,700 untuk membina blok pentadbiran Penjara Pudu. Dua kontraktor telah diupah untuk bangunan itu, Encik Nicholas sendiri dan seorang kontraktor tempatan, Tambusammy Pillay. Mereka menggunakan banduan sebagai buruh. Penjara ini dibina dalam enam fasa menggunakan keluli, batu bata, dan simen yang semuanya diimport dari jajahan British. Bahan untuk pembinaan penjara itu dihantar dari India manakala besi tuang dari Great Britain. Pada tahun yang sama juga, pembinaan Dapur Penjara dimulakan. Setahun kemudian, pada tahun 1893, Rumah-rumah atap di situ telah dirobohkan dengan pampasan sebanyak $257.00 kepada pemilik-pemiliknya. Namun, Residen Selangor ketika itu tidak berpuas hati dengan cara Encik Nicholas mengendalikan pembinaan itu. Surat daripada Jurutera Negeri Selangor, C.E. Spooner, pegawai lantikan Residen British ketika itu kepada Setiausaha Gaol Selangor pada 19 Julai 1894, menyatakan bahawa banduan di tapak pembinaan itu culas dan hanya berpura-pura bekerja. Spooner berkata banduan enggan melakukan tugasan mereka mengikut jadual.  Hal Ini menyebabkan beliau kemudiannya memperkenalkan bengkel dan latihan buruh paksa sebagai aktiviti wajib untuk menangani masalah tersebut. Setiap hari seramai 117 orang dikerahkan untuk membina penjara baru.  Dalam tahun 1894, banglo untuk Pengarah Penjara tersebut siap dibina. Penggalian perigi, rumah pam, penapis air serta penyaluran air ke penjara siap pada tahun 1895. Pelan Penjara Pudu asal telah siap sepenuhnya pada tahun 1895.  Namun, blok-blok tambahan seperti pembesaran Dapur Penjara dilakukan dalam tahun 1895 juga. Bilik Bacaan untuk staf penjara dibina dalam bulan Disember tahun 1896. Dalam tahun 1896 juga, tender pembinaan dua buah kuarters untuk Warden Eropah bernilai $3000 dikeluarkan. Pembinaan dua buah buah tandas awam dengan peruntukan sebanyak $730 disiapkan dalam tahun 1896. Kerja-kerja membina tangga berbatu bata ke kuarters Warden serta ke Bilik Bacaan Penjara disiapkan dalam tahun 1897. Dalam bulan November 1897 kerja-kerja pembinaan wad baharu dengan 30 katil dibuat untuk hospital penjara."// (Aku Budak Telok, 30 September 2022: {{ :laman:aku_budak_telok_menyingkap_tirai_besi_di_penjara_pudu_1895-1899_.pdf ||}}[[https://akubudaktelok64.blogspot.com/2022/09/menyingkap-tirai-besi-di-penjara-pudu_30.html|"Menyingkap Tirai Besi di Penjara Pudu (1895-1899)"]]).
+===== Liputan Akhbar Ketika Pembinaan =====
+  * **1892-10-05**: //"The building of a New Gaol was commenced in the month of January on a site well adapted for the purpose, situated on the Pudoh Road, about one mile from Kuala Lumpur. It is expected that this establishment will, when completed, afford accomodation for all the prisoners in the State. Temporary wards are being built for the prisoners in order that they may be removed at once and employed clearing the ground for permanent buildings."// (Straits Times Weekly Issue, 5 October 1892, Page 7: {{ :akhbar:stweekly18921005-1-2-48.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/stweekly18921005-1.2.48|"The Selangor Prison"]]).
+  * **1894-04-30**: Ianya mula dihuni seawal tahun 1894, ketika masih dalam pembinaan lagi: //"From the Factory, the party drove to the Pauper Hospital and went through all, including the Lunatic and Leper wards, then to the Race Course and round to the New Gaol at Pudoh, which is occupied but it is not yet finished."// (Pinang gazette and Straits chronicle, 30 April 1894, Page 3: {{ :akhbar:pinangazette18940430-1-2-18.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/pinangazette18940430-1.2.18|"THE GOVERNOR IN SELANGOR"]]).
+  * **1895-01-04**: //"$77,378 for works in connection with the New Gaol at Pudoh, which include a new wing, a female ward, three workshops, quarters, etc."// (Pinang gazette and Straits chronicle, 4 January 1895, Page 2: {{ :akhbar:pinangazette18950104-1-2-18.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/pinangazette18950104-1.2.18|"SELANGOR."]]).
+  * **1896-06-30**: Blok utama serta salah satu blok lain telah siap dan diduduki sepanjang tahun 1895. Saiz balkoninya dikecilkan bagi meluaskan ruang, di atas cadangan Gabenor: //"The report on Selangor Public Works Department for 1895 shows that, out of $1,135,015 voted for the department that year, $970,000 were spent. Over $300,000 had been laid out on the jail under construction at Pudoh, of which the centre block was completed and occupied during the year. One wing was also completed. The balconies in this wing are 2 ft 9 in. in width, as suggested by the Governor, instead of 4 ft., which leaves a greater space in the corridor, and improves the general interior appearance."// (Straits Budget, 30 June 1896, Page 3: {{ :akhbar:straitsbudget18960630-1-2-35.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitsbudget18960630-1.2.35|"SELANGOR PUBLIC WORKS"]]).
 ===== Cebisan Perihal Pembinaan =====
@@ Line 62: / Line 65: @@
   * **1893-01-04**: (04/01/1893: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/45283|"NEW GAOL AT PUDOH SENTRY'S GANGWAY - FORWARDS - ESTIMATE WITH PLAN FOR"]]).
+  * **1893-01-27**: //"THE FILE PROVIDES LETTER WRITTEN BY STATE ENGINEER TO GOVENRMENT SECRETARY ABOUT THE ESTIMATION OF COST OF ADDITIONS AND ALTERATION OF NEW GAOL WARDEN QUARTERS DATED 27TH JANUARY 1893."// (27/01/1893: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/45658|"ESTIMATE FOR ADDITIONS & ALTERATIONS TO NEW GAOL WARDEN QUARTERS"]]).
   * **1893-07-24**: (24/07/1893: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/121742|"NEW PUDOH GAOL - FORWARDS LETTER REGARDING FROM STATE ENGINEER REGARDING THE ESTIMATE FOR THE COMPLETION OF"]]).
@@ Line 72: / Line 77: @@
   * **1894-06-02**: (02/06/1894: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/134871|"AS TO STRENGTHENING THE DOORS OF THE PUDOH GAOL"]]).
+  * **19/06/1894**: //"INFORMATION FROM THE STATE ENGINEER REGARDING THE PROPOSAL TO CONSTRUCTION OF BALCONIES AND THE SUGGESTION OF REDUCING THE HEIGHT FROM 4 FEET TO 3 FEET, BRICK SUBSTITUTION INCLUDING THE DETAILS OF EXPENSES FOR THE WORK."// (19/06/1894: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/134546|"NEW PUDOH GAOL-ESTIMATES FOR ALTERNATIONS AND ADDITIONS"]]).
   * **1894-07-06**: (06/07/1894: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/136510|"PUDOH GAOL ALTERATION AND ADDITIONAL FORWARDS LETTER GIVING THE ESTIMATES COST OF: -"]]).
@@ Line 128: / Line 135: @@
   * **1897-11-29**: (29/11/1897: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/157545|"TENDERS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF TWO QUARTERS FOR EUROPEAN WARDERS - PUDOH GAOL"]]).
+  * **1897-11-29**: (29/11/1897: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/1369146|"TENDERS FOR THE EXTENSION OF NATIVE WARDER'S QUARTERS PUDOH GOAL"]]).
   * **1897-12-01**: (01/12/1897: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/157804|"BRICK DRAIN AT THE SOUTH SIDE OF PUDU GAOL - REQUESTS THAT THE STATE ENGINEER BE INSTRUCTED TO PUT IN HAND AT ONCE"]]).
@@ Line 136: / Line 145: @@
   * **1898-06-08**: (08/06/1898: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/162359|"NEW WORKS FOR ALTERATION PUDOH GAOL IN 1899 - APPLIED FOR:-"]]).
+  * **1898-06-16**: (16/06/1898: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/163061|"1899 ESTIMATES - ADDITIONAL OF A LATRINE TO PUDOH GAOL"]]).
+  * **1898-08-31**: (31/08/1898: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/164765|"SIDING TO PUDOH GAOL"]]).
   * **1899-04-14**: (14/04/1899: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/165308|"IMPROVEMENT OF THE OUTLETS, PUDU GAOL"]]).
@@ Line 174: / Line 187: @@
   * **1903-09-30**: //"INFORMATION FROM STATE ENGINEER PERTAINING TO THE ESTIMATED COST TO BUILD THE BORDER WALL IS AMOUNTING TO $4000 AND A REQUEST FOR THE REASON WHY THE PROVISION IS NOT INCLUDED IN THE ANNUAL ESTIMATE 1903."// (30/09/1903: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/790242|"EXTRA MURAL HOSPITAL, PUDOH GAOL - ERECTION OF BOUNDARY WALL"]]).
+  * **1903-10-31**: //"FEEDBACK FROM THE ACTING BRITISH RESIDENT ON THE PROPOSAL TO ERECT A BRICK WALL FOR PUDOH GAOL, WHICH STATES THAT THE PROPOSAL WOULD BE CHANGED FOR CERTAIN PART TO PREVENT THE POSSIBLE ESCAPE OF PRISONERS WHO ARE UNDER TREATMENT."// (31/10/1903: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/789291|"BOUNDARY WALL EXTRA MURAL HOSPITAL PUDOH GAOL"]]).
   * **1904-03-17**: (17/03/1904: {{ :arkib:19570115242d02.pdf ||}}[[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/1384221|"WALL ROUND GAOL HOSPITAL, PUDU -"]]).
@@ Line 184: / Line 199: @@
   * **1905-11-27**: (27/11/1905: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/1378664|"SPECIAL REPAIRS TO THE TILE ROOF OF THE PUDOH GAOL BUILDINGS -"]]).
+  * **1905-12-09**: (09/12/1905: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/1469425|"SANCTION TO SPEND $492/- FOR CERTAIN REPAIRS TO THE SUB-WARDERS QUARTERS, PUDOH GAOL -"]]).
   * **1906-01-09**: (09/01/1906: [[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/1491200|"ADDITIONAL STONE - BREAKING CELLS PUDOH GAOL - TENDERS FOR :-"]]).